Cornus Mas. Some have winter flowers, others offer stunning bracts in late spring, colourful winter stems, striking autumn foliage or berries. It is recognized by its pyramidal crown that flattens as it matures. In springtime, the Kousa dogwood produces an abundance of yellow-green flowers and pinkish-red fruit in summer. The petal clusters of other dogwood varieties are bigger and more open. Even though it has a sour taste, this fruit is said to be delectable by many. Common name: dogwood Scientific name: Cornus sanguinea Family: Cornaceae Origin: native Dogwood is a small broadleaf shrub, typically found growing along woodland edges and in hedgerows of southern England. Common Types of Dogwood Trees With Red Berries The three common types of dogwood trees producing red berries are the kousa dogwood, Cornelian cherry dogwood, and the flowering dogwood tree. Dogwoods are among the most beautiful trees found in American landscapes, but not all types are suitable for the garden. Cockspur hawthorn ( Crataegus crus-galli ) has abundant thorns as long as 3 inches that can inflict serious injury. In the shade, they may have poor fall color, but they have a more graceful, open canopy shape. These plants are wildly popular because they provide interest year-round with blooms early in the spring, berries in the summer, and stunning fall colors. It grows well in full sun or partial shade, and though it prefers moist and rich soils, it will adapt to other soil types. The plant generally does best in moist conditions but can also have excellent tolerance for drier conditions once established. Most dogwoods prefer a site with dappled sunlight. If youre in search of Dogwood that isnt going to take up much space in your garden, the Canadian bunchberry is an excellent choice. Kousa Dogwood 9. The flowers will remain intact for several weeks, followed by glossy green foliage. However, the deciduous tree requires average moisture, so you should water it to keep the soil consistently moist. You can start a dogwood tree using cuttings or plant a bare-root sapling purchased at a nursery. The Swedish cornel is another subshrub that has dark purple flowers and white bracts. The star-shaped flowers stand out beautifully against the foliage and later develop into berries which are an important source of food for birds and other types of wildlife. Cornus alternifolia 'Argentea' is a variegated form with white and green leaves that is rare in cultivation. Fruit can be harvested from this Dogwood once it has ripened and dropped to the ground. The scarlet red, waxy-looking berries are oblong in shape and displayed in clusters of three to six berries. If youre thinking about trying alternative medicine, talk to your doctor first. The rough leaf dogwood gets its name because of the coarse hairs found on the foliage. The sweet, tasty red berries from the kousa dogwood tree taste like soursop or persimmon fruits. Prepare Your Lawn Mower For Spring (Lawn Mower Maintenance Checklist). The small white flowers appear in clusters called cymes, and have an unpleasant odor. Celestial Dogwood ( Cornus x 'Rutdan') - The white bracts overlap and have a green tinge, although they become pure white after a few days. Some people also report skin rashes from contact with the leaves and bark of dogwoods. You can identify a dogwood by looking at three of its physical characteristics: leaves, bark, and fruit. Dogwoods are among the best trees and shrubs for providing year-round interest, but they perform their best when planted in moist, fertile soil and in a location with dappled light. Dogwood trees are a collection of tree species that belong to the dogwood genus ' Cornus'. In summer, the bright green foliage creates a canopy that can be used for shade, and red-orange berries arrive, which adds a vibrant contrast of color. Kousa dogwood: Showy, pinkish-red to red fruits resembling raspberries appear in September and October. Native to Greenland, northeastern Asia, and North America, this plant grows best in partial shade and can reach a height between four and six inches. This is a deciduous dogwood that grows as a large shrub or small tree. Dont forget that natural products arent always risk-free, and the proper dosage is critical, too. This is another Cornus species that may do well in your shadier spots, though there will be more flowers and fruit if it is planted in a location that receives full sunlight. Bright yellow colors appear in late winter or early spring, followed by densely growing green foliage, then clusters of small red cherry-like drupes. The 13 Different Types of Dogwood Trees 1. Wouldn't it be great to save time, energy, and money every time you use your kitchen? Many dogwood shrubs grow well in soil that is wet for short periods during the growing season, which makes them suitable for rain gardens and low spots in the landscape. Many gardeners consider flowering dogwood as one of the most spectacular landscaping trees. In the late summer, these berries turn a cherry red and are tasty. These fruits grow in clusters, characterized by their round shape and bumpy texture similar to a strawberry. Although the individual blooms are small, a giant dogwood in full bloom is magnificent. Most dogwood trees and shrubs are considered understory trees and can thrive in part shade, but some varieties also benefit from full sun. She grew up surrounded by constant home improvement projects and owes most of what she knows to helping her dad renovate her childhood home. Also known as Japanese Dogwood, Korean Dogwood, or Chinese Dogwood, the Kousa dogwood is a small deciduous tree or shrub with multiple stems. Common Dogwood 4. Identifying Dogwood Trees by Fruit. Flowering Dogwood berries in October In Asia, Kousa berries are eaten by monkeys and other indigenous wildlife. Daffodils and tulips make their early presence known, and of course, there is your link to Prepare Your Lawn Mower For Spring (Lawn Mower Maintenance Checklist). This Dogwood is a very showy variety, which offers year-round visual interest. In the fall, a magnificent whitish tint appears on the rough leaf dogwood berries after it begins as a greenish color in August. In almost every month of the year there's interest from one cornus or another. If you plan on consuming the fruit of your dogwood tree, make sure that you verify that the species is nontoxic first. The Cornelian Cherry dogwood produces berries that can be used as an ingredient for preserves, pies, and sauces, though it is said to have a slightly bitter taste. Red Twig DogwoodZone: 2 - 8. Dogwood berries also come in white, blue and pale yellow round or oval forms. Foliage is green and fall color is red to purple. These are also known to bloom dull-white by the end of Spring, and they have both elliptical and oval leaves. There are many types of poisonous berries in North America, and some of them look similar to edible berries. North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. The flowering Dogwood, along with the Pacific dogwood, is prone to dogwood anthracnose. Kousa dogwood trees turn spectacular colorful shades in the fall. Family Cornaceae (Dogwood Family). Partial to full sun. The berries contain solanine, a toxic alkaloid. It is native to the eastern and southeastern United States. The three common types of dogwood trees producing red berries are the kousa dogwood, Cornelian cherry dogwood, and the flowering dogwood tree. Mature Cornelian cherry dogwood trees have scaly, exfoliating bark. The flowers bloom towards the end of spring or early summer, putting on a dramatic display of pretty white blossoms bunched together in dense clusters at the tips of stems. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. The branches grow low on the plant and in layers, leaving only about a foot or two uncovered. In addition, some ornamental dogwood trees have variegated leaves that add to their decorative appeal. Flowering dogwoods grow to between 12 and 20 feet (3.5-6 m.) tall with a trunk diameter of 6 to 12 inches (15-31 cm.). Please read on to find out more about these beautiful flowering trees. 'Magic Flame' Pacific dogwood (Cornus nuttallii) grows on the West Coast in a band between San Francisco and British Columbia. Cornelian cherry dogwood is another name for this berry, and it creates clusters of tiny yellow flowers. University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. Look for types that are advertised as having a moderate growth rate rather than a high growth rate. In general, a dogwood planted in full sun can grow to between 15 and 20 feet while a dogwood in the shade can grow double the height up to 40 feet at maturity. The brown Dogwood will grow up to four feet in poor conditions and approximately ten feet in moist, shaded areas. The latter two are introduced species that have earned a place in American gardens because they are more disease resistant than native species. Walter Dogwood is recognized for its alligator-like bark on older specimens even more than Flowering Dogwood. Once they fall to the ground, they can create some havoc with playtime activities. Descriptions and pictures of the deciduous trees red fruit, leaves, and bark will help you recognize red-berry-producing dogwood trees in the landscape. Also, the crown is flat, reminiscent of a pagoda hence the name. Also known as northern swamp dogwood, gray dogwood (a member of the Swida subspecies) is a deciduous shrub that forms thickets as the underground rhizomes spread. The dogwood leaves measure 1.5 to 4 (4 10 cm) long and 0.78 to 1.5 (2 4 cm) wide. Dogwood trees are identified by their lanceolate leaves measuring 2.4" to 5.1" (6 - 13 cm) long. It is an evergreen, ornamental flowering tree that produces white flowers in the summer. Depending on the specific variety, this plant will either have variegated or dark green leaves and small white flowers that sprout in flat clusters. Kousa dogwood trees grow 15 30 ft. (4 9 m) tall and wide. The trees do best in full sun to part shade and while they do well in a variety of soils, they prefer fertile, well-draining soil with a pH of 5.5-7.5. While there are 17 types of dogwoods native to North America, the following 12 varieties are most commonly found. There are 45 varieties of dogwood trees and shrubs, each of which produces a variety of colors. You should plant the dogwood tree in full sun to partial shade and ensure the ground is organically rich and well-draining. Dogwoods, from the genus Cornus, consist of a large group of flowering trees and shrubs. You can use the cherry-like fruit in preserves. Although it is wildly different from most other dogwoods, there are still some similarities. Do not eat the fruit of this plant, as it is considered mildly toxic. The Canadian bunchberry, often known simply as bunchberry or dwarf cornel, is considered a herbaceous subshrub of this group. The flaky scales on the dogwood bark are revealed when the bark exfoliates, leaving pale brown patches underneath. In more severe cases, hallucinations, paralysis, fever, jaundice and death have been reported. Flowers on kousa dogwood trees bloom in spring. It produces white flowers in spring, which give way to bright red berries in late summer. Children often like to suck the honey from the flowers in the spring. Though, this condition can be controlled by trimming off the affected branches. In the late summer, these berries turn a cherry red and are tasty. And they typically have a slightly wavy margin. The leaves on the dogwood are ovate-shaped, measuring 3 to 6 (7.5 15 cm) long. There are so many different types of dogwood trees and shrubs, and even small herb-like shrubs, all with such beautiful flowers, bark, and foliage. Monrovia describes the aurora dogwood (Cornus x Rutban) as having creamy white blossoms with a silky feel. You can grow it as a small tree or a tall, multi-stemmed shrub. Siberian Dogwood 15. Find out about the different kinds of dogwood trees in this article. The trees eventually reach a mature height of 15 to 25 ft. (4.5 7.6 m). Dogwood trees and shrubs (Cornus spp.) In spite of the fact there are scores of different seeds and berries . If youre going to plant near a patio, flowering dogwood may be a better choice because the kousas berries create a litter problem. Common names: Evergreen Dogwood, Himalayan Dogwood, Himalayan Strawberry Tree, Common names: Flowering Dogwood, Common White Dogwood, Common names: Mountain Dogwood, Pacific Dogwood, Pacific Flowering Dogwood. Its fall foliage ranges from purple to red. The majority of dogwoods are deciduous trees or shrubs. Though, some dogwood species feature leaves that alternate on the stem instead. In the fall, they turn shades of green and yellow with red and purple patches. There are approximately 17 dogwood varieties that are native to North America. They can grow to reach about 20 feet tall with a 12-inch wide trunk. 3. In most cases, they are edible and can be used in cooking, though some dogwoods produce mildly toxic fruit to humans. Its leaves form in clusters, and the cream-colored blooms thoroughly cover the plants branches. Sumac shrubs look and grow like gray dogwood, which is also known as northern swamp dogwood. Cornus alternifolia: Pagoda Dogwood Small tree that grows with a tiered habit like a pagoda. The white flowers give way to red fruits in late summer, which are edible for humans. Cornus Canadensis (Bunchberry, Canadian Bunchberry, Canadian Dwarf Cornel, Dwarf Dogwood). Pagoda Dogwood 12. The tree is also known as red and white dogwood, and yellow dogwood. This tree retains interest throughout every season, with the leaves taking on a deep purple shade by fall. The plant should be about 12 inches below the grow light. Roughleaf Dogwood 14. The pagoda dogwood is typically a multi-stemmed deciduous shrub, although, with proper pruning, it can take on the form of a small tree. Fall foliage is sometimes an attractive red-purple. This shrub forms thickets as the rhizomes spread underground. This plant features dark green foliage with distinct veins. Finally, the trees have white flowers and deep green lanceolate leaves turning red in the fall. . Of the 17 species of dogwood native to North America, the four most common garden types are native flowering dogwoods, Pacific dogwood, Cornelian cherry dogwood, and kousa dogwoods. To grow this plant as a tree, remove suckers as they appear. This plant is one of the few dogwoods that feature foliage that is arranged alternately rather than in opposing positions on the stems. A close up picture of Kousa dogwood flowers. It is considered an upright deciduous shrub that features multiple stems. 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